Life seems rare. Earth is may be the only planet in our solar system to have life. Life may have started elsewhere, like Mars, and transferred here. Regardless, we are now alone in any practical sense. The rest of the galaxy should have the same odds. Even then, odds are that many worlds that are populated and quite a few with intelligent life. There would be individuals who study that life, cataloguing some remarkable data. Somewhere out there, a sociologist studies the development of a species. What would she find as she sat in her office with the great view, desk piled high with records. Thousands of worlds, some thriving, some destroyed, each with its own story.
We know humans go through specific stages before they become adults. The child psychologist Jean Piaget described four levels. He believed each level was characterized by learning specific tasks with the direct response of new development and growth in the brain. Animals, too, go through similar steps, with rates that are much shorter. The common element is the need to go through these steps in a certain order. Without that order, development is disrupted and can result in incomplete maturity.
Progress, then, seems to go along a prescribed route, but what about the development of a species? Could such steps exist here as well? Humans have gone through a loose social grouping to civilization as we know it today. People have more education, live longer and have even visited the moon. Third world countries try to reach these goals. They make big mistakes along the way, and often fail in their task. So would this be a pattern?
First, our galactic scientist would need to define success. What would be the goal that would indicate a fully mature species? She would say success for any life would primarily be survival. An addition to that could be a healthy survival, one not easily taken away. A species needs to have a stable or increasing number above the survival threshold. Secondly, the species would be in more than one location, on different planets. What would this species look like, what would be their characteristics?
Our galactic scientist would argue you need a social creature. The degree would be on the order of the Bell curve. The most successful creatures would be social to a fair degree and in the center of the graph. I don’t think you have to stretch much to figure out the steps our sociologist would find.
In Step I, the creatures would start by wandering around in small groups, but soon discover that the more minds involved the more problems are solved. Larger groups are formed.
In Step II, agriculture is discovered. Progress is made because it is much easier to stay in one place and learn how to increase the yield of food. In addition, group to group raiding develops to obtain resources, speeding development along.
Step III finds the groups becoming even larger with the advent of more specialization. New professions spring up and the creatures are even more dependent on each other. Leaders emerge, encouraging the division of labor. Most creatures would end up as Labor rather than as Leader. Many are still wanting but better off than being on their own. Our sociologist now looks for war, not the small skirmishes of before. Population increases and also goes through some die offs due to disease and famine.
Onto Step IV, our creatures have progressed to the point of more or less universal education. Even in our creature’s group, though, some of the old reasons for poverty still exist. However, poverty means a lack of material wealth, not the grinding needs of Step III. Our creature’s offspring are better off than they were. It is where humans are now, or actually were a few years ago. Not all groups are in the same step, but they are going through the steps. Up to this point, it was assumed that our specie’s specialization is the brain. It could be possible, though rare, that such advances could be done by enslaving minds to figure out the technology or simply taking the technology. In this case, the next step could be skipped.
Step V calls for a back step. The creatures become complacent. They have lived long enough to forget what it is to just survive. They don’t believe that there is any danger that was so familiar to their ancestors; starvation, disease and death. Some want to test it a little, some allot, and some are appalled at even the thought. They go backwards. Children learn how to get away with learning less, and are even given adult rights without responsibilities, often consequences are added later. Crime can go unpunished, countries threaten war and the recipients let it pass, all because they feel something is more important, something on a higher spiritual level.
So, there is a pause. Wisdom of the past is questioned; distrust of the leaders and philosopher is common. Making yourself vulnerable is said to be the “only“answer. That kind of peace, the kind of “can’t we all just get along” is now the naïve and childish way to look at the problem. The hard lesson to learn is how to survive and use the higher moral values.
A caveat here; this does not include all the creatures. Our sociologist notes that children must be different. They need to work on appropriate tasks that lead to maturity, just as the specie does. She would tell us that the health of a civilization can be judged by the handling of their children.
In order to graduate to Step VI, our sociologist would have to admit- “you must all get along”. The problem, of course, is the beings within the same specie are not the same. How do you all live together when we are so different? She would say there isn’t a specific way, indeed there are probably many ways.
Our sociologist would remind us that each step is necessary to development, even if this feels uncomfortable. All of it was necessary: leaders, division of labor, war, the elite, the hoards of peasants and the mighty priests. The raw material each species has gets them through the each step. It all works well until you come to a place where raw is insufficient. In order to accomplish the next step, all resources must be fully utilized, especially minds. She would cite the elimination of the old “starvation, disease and death”; add to that guaranteeing the freedoms of individuals as appropriate steps to take. This would allow our creatures to feel “safe” enough to reach out and listen to its fellows, even those from the other groups. In this environment, thorough education without political agenda would take you the final step.
Step VI, the enormous technical task of leaving the planet. Our sociologist would tell us that leaving the planet is the first step to establishing other bases and spreading out your population. This raises the odds of survival if a disaster occurs on the home planet. Accomplishing Step VI is like becoming an adult, like a parent who puts their life on hold to care for the offspring. She sits back and marvels that any species has managed it. She knows that many did not. The old fear of blowing ourselves up, the inevitable fractioning of a society that is trying to figure things out all contribute to possible failure. As species become more powerful, so do their mistakes.
So are we on track? Will we survive and achieve the stars? We have made it to the moon; we have redefined war even when we fight those who have not. Now we question all we do, to the point we are vulnerable. I would say we are in Step V. We have the task of finding a way to balance protection and cooperation. My gut says we will, but we will certainly stumble on the way.